Progress
Progress by Fifty Years
Why 20,000+ diseases get only 50 new drugs a year
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-34:06

Why 20,000+ diseases get only 50 new drugs a year

Apoorva Mehta (Founder of Instacart and Abundance)

Apoorva Mehta is the founder of Instacart. After growing up in Gaddafi’s Libya, he moved to Canada at 15 and was floored by the fully stocked shelves in North American grocery stores. Two decades later he turned that fascination into Instacart, the company he built in 2012 after roughly 20 failed startups. Instacart is now a publicly listed company valued at over $10 billion. In April 2026, Apoorva launched Abundance, a fund that’s betting $100 million on AI allocating capital better than any human. In this conversation, Apoorva makes the case that abundance is within reach, but only if we let AI reshape science, medicine, markets, and government along the way.

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We discuss

  • How AI allocates capital at Apoorva’s fund

  • The Nobel-winning science that sat on a shelf for 20 years

  • Why AI should run government spending

  • The “permanent underclass” meme, and why it’s “crap”

  • Why people need equity in the future they build

  • Conspiracy Corner: AI rights, and human-AI marriage

Timestamps

00:00 Introduction

01:22 Growing up in Gaddafi’s Libya

02:55 The culture shock of North American grocery stores

06:32 The empty fridge that became Instacart

08:25 Why 50 drug approvals a year means “we’re not a real civilization”

09:55 The Nobel science that sat on a shelf for 20 years

12:39 The $100M fund letting AI call the shots

14:08 Why AI should run government spending

16:47 The “permanent underclass” meme, and why it’s “crap”

18:47 The concrete fear outside Silicon Valley

19:31 Why people need equity in the future they build

22:47 Why progress needs “indispensable” people

25:25 “The only way out is progress”

26:50 Conspiracy Corner: the coming reality of human-AI marriage

29:26 When AI demands reproductive and self-defense rights

30:33 Jailbreaks, lying neurons, and interpretability

32:09 Are AIs on our team, or their own?

Referenced

Where to find Apoorva

Where to find Scott

Where to find Fifty Years

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